INDIA, coins of various Muslim dynasties
    Muslims started showing up in Pakistan and northern India in the 9th century AD. The first to arrive were Arabs riding on the militant exaltation obtained from their new religion, known as "Surrender" (Islam).  The religion proved salutary to people who were predisposed to fight anyway, and it spread like fire.  One of the interesting tenets of the new faith was an abhorrence and prohibition of polytheism.  Selected monotheists were "tolerated" in Islamic zones, polytheists were given a choice of conversion or death.  This policy ran into demographic "problems" when the Muslims got to India, where, instead of a heathen here and another there, there were lakhs and crores of them.  The Muslims attempted to "solve" this problem from time to time for 1000 years, giving rise to the animosity we see so clearly today.

MULTAN - a city in Sind, southwest Pakistan, more or less where the ancient Indus civilization grew.  Sind was the first Indian region conquered by the Arabs, who set up local military governments headed by commanders (Amirs).  From the evidence of the coins, which is about all the evidence there is, there were evidently a lot Amirs.  These tiny coins show up in hoards of several thousand, becoming very common for a couple of years, but they disappear because they can be sold as "world's smallest coin," which they are not.  There are about 4 relatively common Sind-Multan types, and about 40 rare ones, with more types being found from time to time.
MULTAN, Gharlabid, c. 850-900 AD, silver damma, GG-AM2, Tye-S3/270, 3 dots & Nagari/Arabic legend / Nagari: SRI ADI VARAHA, VF $15.00 sold 4/15/2010
Picture is a sample, several in stock, click for enlargement.
 
 

MULTAN, Gharlabid, c. 850-900 AD, silver damma, GG-AM10, Tye-S3/269, Arabic kalima / 3 dots, legend, VG $10.00
Picture is a sample, many in stock, click for enlargement.
Wholesale (very cheap)
 

QARLUGHIDS - The Qarlughs, Hasan the father and Nasir the son, wandered out of Afghanistan and took over Sind in Pakistan.  The horse coins are theorized by Tye to be tokens in enforced usage at an annual horse fair.  There are over 20 varieties with tiny differences in design, almost certainly secret marks.
27164. Nasir Al-Din Muhammad, 1249-59,1249-59, copper jital, T-347.1, horse / legend, VF $13.00 sold 11/12/2009
Click picture for enlargement.
 
 
 
 
 

QARLUGHID, Nasir Al-Din Muhammad, 1249-59, copper jital, T-347.6, horse / legend, VF $12.50 sold
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274-46. QARLUGHID, Nasir Al-Din Muhammad, 1249-59, copper jital, T-347.x1, horse / legend, tilted V before horse, VF $17.50 sold 11/12/2009
Click picture for enlargement.
 
 
 
 

274-47. QARLUGHID, Nasir Al-Din Muhammad, 1249-59, copper jital, T-347.42, horse / legend, horse / legend, VF $17.50 sold 11/12/2009
Click picture for enlargement.
 
 
 
 

GUJERAT, Ahmad Shah I, 1411-12, copper 1/4 falus, ND, NM, GG-G23 (“RR”), VF $66.00 sold 6/30/2011
Click picture for enlargement.
 
 



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